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Registros recuperados: 34
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A Globally Flexible Model for Crop Yields Under Weather Risk AgEcon
Cooper, Joseph C.; Wallander, Steven.
The literature on climate change and crop yields recognizes the need to allow for highly non-linear marginal effects. This study combines these two areas of the literature by using Flexible Fourier Transforms (FFT’s) to ensure flexibility for both the time trend and the weather effects. This study also illustrates how FFT’s can be combined with quantile regression (QR) to provide both robustness to outliers and information on the scale effects of time and weather variables. For U.S. county level data on corn, soybeans, and winter wheat, we estimate the relationship between yield and temperature and precipitation using a traditional parametric expected-yield estimator, our quantile-FFT regression evaluated at the median, and our QR-FFT regression that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Crop yield distributions; Flexible fourier transforms; Quantile regression; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103560
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A Joint Framework for Analysis of Agri-Environmental Payment Programs AgEcon
Cooper, Joseph C..
This paper presents an approach for simultaneously estimating farmers' decisions to accept incentive payments in return for adopting a bundle of environmentally benign management practices. Using the results of a multinomial probit analysis of surveys of over 1,000 farmers facing ten adoption decisions in an EQIP-type program, we show how the farmers' perceptions of the desirability of various bundles changes with the offer amounts and with which practices are offered in the program.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Incentive payments; EQIP; Simulated multivariate normal; Multinomial probit; Simulated maximum likelihood estimation; Best management practices; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20493
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A Revenue-Based Alternative to the Counter-Cyclical Payment Program AgEcon
Cooper, Joseph C..
This paper develops a stochastic model for comparing payments to U.S. corn producers of a revenue-based counter-cyclical payment (R-CCP) that is offered as an alternative in the 2007 House "Farm Bill" (H.R. 2419) to the current price-based CCP (P-CCP). We minimize the potential for miss-specification bias in the model by using nonparametric and semi-nonparametric approaches as specification checks in the model. Using this model, the paper examines the sensitivity of the density function for payments to changes in expected price levels. A mean-variance utility function approach is used to assess producer preferences for choice of CCP program alternative. The results show that as risk reduction instruments at the farm level, there appears to be little...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Domestic support; Counter-cyclical payments; Revenue; Price; Corn; Yield; Pairs bootstrap; Kernel density; Semi-nonparametric; Combinatorial optimization; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6197
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ACRE: A Revenue-Based Alternative to Price-Based Commodity Payment Programs AgEcon
Cooper, Joseph C..
This paper develops a stochastic model for estimating the probability density function of the Average Crop Revenue Election (ACRE), a revenue-based commodity support payment that is offered under the 2008 Farm Act as an alternative to the traditional suite of price-based commodity payments, that is, marketing loan benefits and counter-cyclical payments. We minimize the potential for miss-specification bias in the model by using nonparametric and semi-nonparametric approaches as specification checks in the model. Our simulation results show that adding ACRE revenue payments to gross revenue reduced the downside risk in revenue for corn, wheat, and soybean farmers in 2009 in the four locations examined, with reductions ranging from 4% to 25%. Integrating...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Domestic support; Average crop revenue election; Loan deficiency payments; Counter-cyclical payments; Revenue; Price; Corn; Yield; Pairs bootstrap; Kernel density; Semi-nonparametric; Combinatorial optimization; Negative exponential utility function; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49180
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Acreage Decisions When Risk Preferences Vary AgEcon
Arnade, Carlos Anthony; Cooper, Joseph C..
This presentation summarizes an AAEA poster.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Risk preferences; Acreage decision; Soybeans; Corn; Wheat; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61005
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An Analysis of Demand Elasticities for Fluid Milk Products in the U.S. AgEcon
Davis, Christopher G.; Blayney, Donald P.; Cooper, Joseph C.; Yen, Steven T..
This study examines retail fluid milk products purchase data from Nielsen 2005 home scan data. The demand for seven categories of fluid milk products were estimated: whole milk, whole flavored milk, reduced fat milk, flavored reduced fat milk, buttermilk, canned milk and all other fluid milk products. Analyses of the purchases of seven fluid milk categories based on the Nielsen 2005 home scan retail data are used to determine the roles marital status, age, race, education, female employment status and location play in the empirical estimations of aggregate demand elasticities. To derive the demand elasticities, a censored translog demand system is used. The results reveal that price and income are the main determinants of demand for fluid milk products...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Nielsen home scan retail data; Milk demand; Elasticities; Fluid milk; Reduced fat milk; Whole milk; Flavored milk; Canned milk; Buttermilk; Non-linear AIDS; Censored translog demand system; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; C25; D12; Q11.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51791
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Benefits of Safer Drinking Water: The Value of Nitrate Reduction AgEcon
Crutchfield, Stephen R.; Cooper, Joseph C.; Hellerstein, Daniel.
Nitrates in drinking water, which may come from nitrogen fertilizers applied to crops, are a potential health risk. This report evaluates the potential benefits of reducing human exposure to nitrates in the drinking water supply. In a survey, respondents were asked a series of questions about their willingness to pay for a hypothetical water filter, which would reduce their risk of nitrate exposure. If nitrates in the respondent's drinking water were to exceed the EPA minimum safety standard, they would be willing to pay $45 to $60, per household, per month, to reduce nitrates in their drinking water to the minimum safety standard. There are 2.9 million households in the four regions studied (White River area of Indiana, Central Nebraska, Lower...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Water quality; Drinking water; Nitrates; Benefits; Contingent valuation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34025
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COMBINING ACTUAL AND CONTINGENT BEHAVIOR DATA TO MODEL FARMER ADOPTION OF WATER QUALITY PROTECTION PRACTICES AgEcon
Cooper, Joseph C..
Using farmer responses to contingent valuation method (CVM) survey data in combination with actual market data from four watershed regions in the United States, this study estimates the minimum incentives payments a farmer would accept in order to adopt more environmentally friendly “"best management practices"” (BMPs). Combining actual market data with the CVM data adds information to the analysis, thereby most likely increasing the reliability of the results compared to analyzing the contingent behavior survey response data only. Given the decision to adopt, the article also presents a pooled model for the number of acres enrolled in the BMPs as a function of the incentive payments. Adoption rates predicted with the combination data model are...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31003
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COMPARISON OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY-INDUCED DEMAND SHIFTS USING TIME-SERIES AND CROSS-SECTION DATA AgEcon
Loomis, John B.; Cooper, Joseph C..
Almost all applications of the Travel-Cost-Method demand function which include site quality variable(s) are multisite models. The results of this study serve as a note of warning that using the demand equation derived from multisite cross-sectional data to perform a benefit-cost analysis of changes in quality at a single site may not accurately predict the resulting change in the number of trips to that site. In this situation, estimates of the benefits of quality improvements may be unreliable.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1990 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32508
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Constructing Farm Level Yield Densities from Aggregated Data: Analysis and Comparison of Approaches AgEcon
Cooper, Joseph C.; Langemeier, Michael R.; Schnitkey, Gary D.; Zulauf, Carl R..
Yield variability can be significantly higher at the farm level than at more aggregated levels, including the county. However, due to a dearth of available farm level data, much stochastic analysis involving farm yields utilizes more aggregated yield data as a proxy for the farm level. We empirically evaluate farm-level variability using longitudinal farm level data sets available from the Kansas Farm Management Association and the Illinois Farm Business and Farm Management Association. For corn, soybeans, and wheat, we compare the farm level yield variability obtained from this data to that inferred from Federal crop insurance premiums. The farm management data exhibit lower yield variability than are implied by the crop insurance premiums.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Yield variability; Crop insurance; Corn; Wheat; Soybeans; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49216
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Crop Insurance, Disaster Payments, and Incentives for Land Use Change in Agriculture: A Preliminary Assessment AgEcon
Carriazo, Fernando; Claassen, Roger; Cooper, Joseph C..
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Crop Insurance; Disaster Payments; Supplemental Revenue Assistance; Corn; Wheat; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49218
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Crop Insurance, Disaster Payments and Land Use Change: The Effect of Sodsaver on Incentives for Grassland Conversion AgEcon
Claassen, Roger; Cooper, Joseph C.; Carriazo, Fernando.
Subsidized crop insurance may encourage conversion of native grassland to cropland. The Sodsaver provision of the 2008 farm bill could deny crop insurance on converted land in the Prairie Pothole states for 5 years. Supplemental Revenue Assistance payments, which are linked to crop insurance purchases, could also be withheld. Using representative farms, we estimate that Sodsaver would reduce expected crop revenue by up to 8% and expected net return by up to 20%, while increasing the standard deviation of revenue by as much as 6% of market revenue. Analysis based on elasticities from the literature suggests that Sodsaver would reduce grassland conversion by 9% or less.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Bootstrap; Crop insurance; Grassland; Joint densities; Sodsaver; Supplemental Revenue Assistance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; Q2.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104623
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Detecting Starting Point Bias in Dichotomous-Choice Contingent Valuation Surveys AgEcon
Alberini, Anna; Veronesi, Marcella; Cooper, Joseph C..
We examine starting point bias in CV surveys with dichotomous choice payment questions and follow-ups, and double-bounded models of the WTP responses. We wish to investigate (1) the seriousness of the biases for the location and scale parameters of WTP in the presence of starting point bias; (2) whether or not these biases depend on the distribution of WTP and on the bids used; and (3) how well a commonly used diagnostic for starting point bias—a test of the null that bid set dummies entered in the right-hand side of the WTP model are jointly equal to zero—performs under various circumstances. Because starting point bias cannot be separately identified in any reliable manner from biases caused by model specification, we use simulation approaches to address...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12230
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Do Farm Programs Encourage Native Grassland Losses? AgEcon
Claassen, Roger; Carriazo, Fernando; Cooper, Joseph C.; Hellerstein, Daniel.
Federal programs may encourage farmers to convert native grasslands—land that has never been cultivated — to production of corn, soybeans, and other crops, leading to potential losses of Northern Plains' native grasslands. Federally subsidized crop insurance reduces risk associated with crops grown on converted grasslands and, over time, increases average returns to production by making crop farming more attractive. Other programs, including Federal disaster assistance and marketing loan benefits, also reduce risk and increase returns to crop production on converted grasslands. While these programs can be important risk management tools for farmers, they may also result in unintended, environmentally damaging actions.
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121013
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Economic Aspects of Revenue-Based Commodity Support AgEcon
Cooper, Joseph C..
Interest in revenue-based commodity support is evident in the Food, Conservation and Energy Act of 2008 (the 2008 Farm Bill), which gives eligible producers the option of participating in the Average Crop Revenue Election (ACRE) program in return for reductions and eliminations of payments under more traditional programs. This report examines how the uncertainty in U.S. domestic commodity support payments for corn may differ between traditional-style approaches (defined as price-based payments plus yield-based disaster payments) to support and two revenue-based support scenarios. Variability around the total expected annual payment was found to be lower under revenue-based support, as was the probability of high payments. These results suggest potential...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Domestic commodity support; Revenue-based support; Marketing loan benefits; Countercyclical payments; Disaster assistance; Federal crop insurance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55838
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EFFECTS OF AGRI-ENVIRONMENTAL PAYMENT POLICIES ON AGRICULTURAL TRADE AgEcon
Cooper, Joseph C.; Peters, Mark; Claassen, Roger.
In many OECD countries, including the U.S., interest in developing agri-environmental payment programs is currently strong. In the future, the inclusion of an agri-environmental payment program into the WTO's "green box" could be more easily challenged by WTO member countries on the basis that it has more than "minimal" trade-distorting impacts on production. The goal of this paper is to conduct an ex ante analysis of the trade impacts of stylized examples of agri-environmental payment programs that have been proposed for implementation in the near future. To simulate the production and trade impacts of these programs, we use a partial equilibrium model of the U.S. agricultural sector in a sensitivity analysis across a range of design options for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22240
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ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL LAND-USE CHANGE: THE ROLE OF ECONOMICS AND POLICY AgEcon
Lubowski, Ruben N.; Bucholtz, Shawn; Claassen, Roger; Roberts, Michael J.; Cooper, Joseph C.; Gueorguieva, Anna; Johansson, Robert C..
This report examines evidence on the relationship between agricultural land-use changes, soil productivity, and indicators of environmental sensitivity. If cropland that shifts in and out of production is less productive and more environmentally sensitive than other cropland, policy-induced changes in land use could have production effects that are smaller-and environmental impacts that are greater-than anticipated. To illustrate this possibility, this report examines environmental outcomes stemming from landuse conversion caused by two agricultural programs that others have identified as potentially having important influences on land use and environmental quality: Federal crop insurance subsidies and the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), the Nation's...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Conservation Reserve Program (CRP); Crop insurance; Erosion; Extensive margin; Farm policy; Imperiled species; Land use; Land-use change; Land quality; Nutrient loss; Soil productivity; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33591
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ENVIRONMENTAL RISK AND AGRI-ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY DESIGN AgEcon
Horan, Richard D.; Claassen, Roger; Cooper, Joseph C..
Agricultural nonpoint pollution is inherently stochastic (e.g., due to weather). In theory, this randomness has implications for the choice and design of policy instruments. However, very few empirical studies have modeled natural variability. This paper investigates the importance of stochastic processes for the choice and design of alternative nonpoint instruments. The findings suggest that not explicitly considering the stochastic processes in the analysis can produce significantly biased results.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21827
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Estimating the Costs of Revenue Deficiency Programs AgEcon
Cooper, Joseph C..
This paper develops an approach to empirically demonstrate how the within-season distribution of U.S. domestic commodity support for corn differs between current-style approaches of support and revenue-based support. From a purely economic standpoint, the results show the revenue-based payment scenarios to be preferable at the national level to the uncoordinated forms of support currently in use, even in a situation where the annual mean payments are set equal across the support scenarios. For revenue-based support, the variability around the total expected annual payment is lower, and perhaps more importantly, the probability of high payments is lower. These results suggest advantages to this type of support, both in terms of lower budgetary uncertainty –...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Domestic support; Marketing loan benefits; Counter-cyclical payments; Disaster assistance; Revenue support; Corn; Nonparametric; Semi-nonparametric; Bootstrap; Financial Economics.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9699
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FARMLAND PROTECTION: THE ROLE OF PUBLIC PREFERENCES FOR RURAL AMENITIES AgEcon
Hellerstein, Daniel; Nickerson, Cynthia J.; Cooper, Joseph C.; Feather, Peter; Gadsby, Dwight M.; Mullarkey, Daniel J.; Tegene, Abebayehu; Barnard, Charles H..
Public amenities provided by a rural agricultural landscape, arising from open space and farm activity, are important to many citizens and policymakers. Widespread development of farmland in some parts of the country has spawned an expanding array of farmland protection programs by county, State, and Federal governments, as well as by nonprofit organizations. To investigate the relative importance of preserving different amenities, this report examines the enabling legislation of these programs across the 48 contiguous States, and the implementation of these programs in five Northeastern States (Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Vermont). The report also assesses how farmland protection programs fit into the broader array of rural land...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33963
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